Celebrity Pregnancies: Captivating Media, Shaping Societal Norms

November 14, 2024 by oligarki

Nicole Richie's pregnancy captivated the media, highlighting the cultural fascination with celebrity pregnancies. Her maternity style and pregnancy milestones became entertainment news, with social media platforms buzzing with updates. The public's empathy and interest in the well-being of the mother and baby reflect the societal implications of celebrity pregnancies, shaping beauty standards and societal expectations.

Celebrity Pregnancies: A Cultural Obsession

When a famous face announces they're expecting, the world seems to hold its breath. Celebrity pregnancies become instant headlines, triggering an outpouring of attention that can both fascinate and bewilder us. Like moths to a flame, we flock to every scrap of news, eager for updates on the growing belly and the latest baby bump photoshoot.

This fascination is a strange phenomenon. Why are we so obsessed with the reproductive lives of strangers, especially ones who live in a world of privilege and comfort? The answers lurk deep in our cultural norms, our empathetic nature, and our insatiable hunger for entertainment.

Cultural Influences:

Society has long placed a high value on childbirth and family. Celebrity pregnancies tap into these deeply ingrained beliefs, reminding us of our own experiences or aspirations. We vicariously live through the journeys of these famous mothers-to-be, sharing their joys and anxieties.

Empathy and Connection:

Pregnancy is a universal experience that transcends fame and fortune. When a celebrity becomes pregnant, it humanizes them, making them seem more relatable. Their struggles with morning sickness, food cravings, and sleepless nights mirror our own, fostering a sense of connection that bridges the gap between stars and ordinary people.

tertainment Value:

Let's face it, celebrity pregnancies are a juicy form of entertainment. They offer a glimpse into the private lives of our favorite stars, providing a welcome distraction from our mundane routines. The media feeds our curiosity with constant updates, speculating on baby names, analyzing maternity style, and predicting the arrival of the celebrity baby.

Celebrity Pregnancy: A Cultural Craze

Buckle up, dear readers, as we delve into the tantalizing world of celebrity pregnancies—a pop culture phenomenon that has captivated our hearts and sparked countless conversations. Why, oh why, are we so darn fascinated by the baby bumps of the rich and famous? Well, let's dig in and uncover the reasons behind this collective obsession.

Cultural Norms

We've all heard the saying, "It takes a village to raise a child." And when it comes to celebrity pregnancies, it feels like the whole world wants to be part of that village. Our culture places a high value on family and procreation, so the prospect of a new life entering the world, especially when that life belongs to someone we're familiar with, stirs up a sense of communal excitement.

Empathy

Pregnancy is an incredibly personal and life-changing experience for all women, celebrities included. When we see our favorite stars going through the same joys and challenges that we might have faced ourselves, it evokes a sense of connection and empathy. We can't help but root for them, share in their happiness, and offer a virtual shoulder to cry on during those inevitable moments of morning sickness.

Entertainment Value

Let's face it, nothing says prime time entertainment like a celebrity pregnancy announcement. It's a juicy tidbit that sends the media into a frenzy and has us glued to our screens. We can't resist watching the elaborate baby bump reveals, dissecting the latest maternity fashion, and speculating on the name of the future little star. It's like a real-life soap opera, only with much larger closets and a bigger paparazzi following.

So, there you have it, folks! Cultural norms, empathy, and entertainment value—the secret ingredients behind our collective fascination with celebrity pregnancies. It's a phenomenon that's here to stay, providing us with endless hours of joy, gossip, and the occasional bump-related controversy.

Celebrity Pregnancy: A Pop Culture Phenomenon

Key Players in the Celebrity Pregnancy Landscape

Picture this: you're sitting in your cozy home, sipping your favorite beverage, when suddenly, your social media feed explodes with news of the latest A-lister's pregnancy announcement. But who's pulling the strings behind these captivating stories? Let's meet the VIPs:

The Hollywood Royals: Think Beyoncé, Rihanna, and Jessica Alba. These megastars command the spotlight, their every pregnancy becoming a major cultural event.
The Kardashian-Jenner Clan: Love 'em or hate 'em, the Kardashians have made pregnancy a family affair, with each announcement garnering massive media attention.
The Power Couples: From Blake Lively and Ryan Reynolds to George and Amal Clooney, these A-list duos create a buzz with their baby news.
The Advocacy Angels: Celebrities like Chrissy Teigen and Amy Schumer have used their platforms to raise awareness about fertility issues and pregnancy loss.
The Media Mavericks: Magazines like People and US Weekly, along with celebrity gossip sites, feed the public's insatiable appetite for all things pregnancy-related.

Key Players in the Celebrity Pregnancy Landscape

As we dive into the captivating world of celebrity pregnancies, it's essential to introduce the star players who shape the narrative and captivate public attention.

Celebrities: The A-listers, the icons, and the household names. Their pregnancies become international news, sparking endless headlines and filling paparazzi lenses.
Family Members: Behind the glitz and glamour, there's a close-knit circle of family members providing support and stealing the show with adorable baby bump pics.
Organizations: From exclusive maternity brands to health advocacy groups, organizations play a pivotal role in supporting and promoting healthy pregnancies.
Publications: The media outlets, both traditional and online, feed our insatiable curiosity with breaking pregnancy news, exclusive interviews, and stylish photoshoots.

Each player brings a unique perspective and influence to the media coverage, creating a captivating tapestry of entertainment, information, and societal narratives.

Celebrity Pregnancies: Influencing Fashion and Maternity Wear

Celebrity pregnancies have become a powerful force in the fashion industry, shaping maternity wear trends and setting the standard for how pregnant women dress. From the moment a celebrity announces her pregnancy, she becomes a style icon, inspiring countless expectant mothers.

The Evolution of Maternity Red Carpet Fashion

In the past, maternity fashion was often hidden or minimized, with pregnant women opting for loose, modest clothing to conceal their growing bellies. However, in recent years, celebrity pregnancies have revolutionized red carpet fashion, with stars like Blake Lively, Meghan Markle, and Beyoncé embracing their curves and showcasing their style. Today, maternity red carpet looks are often as glamorous and stylish as their non-pregnancy counterparts, proving that pregnancy doesn't have to mean sacrificing one's personal style.

The Impact of Media Scrutiny

The constant media attention surrounding celebrity pregnancies has also had a significant impact on maternity wear. Magazines and websites dedicate entire articles to analyzing the style choices of pregnant celebrities, scrutinizing every outfit and accessory. This intense scrutiny can lead to pressure on celebrities to look their best at all times, potentially influencing their fashion decisions.

Inspiring Maternity Trends

While celebrity pregnancies can sometimes create unrealistic expectations, they can also inspire positive trends in maternity wear. Designers are taking note of the stylish choices made by celebrities and incorporating them into their maternity lines. As a result, expectant mothers now have access to a wider range of fashionable and flattering maternity clothing options than ever before.

Shifting Societal Norms

Celebrity pregnancies are also helping to shift societal norms around pregnancy and fashion. By showcasing their style and confidence, pregnant celebrities are challenging the idea that pregnancy is a time to dress unfashionably or hide one's body. They are inspiring women to embrace their changing bodies and feel beautiful and stylish throughout their pregnancy journey.

Fashion and Style in Celebrity Pregnancies

The red carpet has become a catwalk for pregnant celebrities, showcasing maternity styles that are both fashionable and functional. From flowing gowns to body-con frocks, these stars are redefining the way we view pregnancy fashion.

In the past, maternity wear was often synonymous with baggy clothes and unflattering silhouettes. But celebrity pregnancies have transformed this perception, as designers cater to the unique needs of expecting mothers while still maintaining their signature style aesthetics.

The media's scrutiny of celebrity pregnancy outfits has had a significant impact on fashion trends. The choices these stars make often set the tone for what's considered stylish and acceptable maternity wear. Paparazzi shots and social media posts give fashion-savvy individuals a glimpse into the latest and greatest in pregnancy style.

While celebrity pregnancies have undoubtedly elevated the fashion status of maternity wear, it's important to remember that every pregnancy is different. Body changes vary greatly from person to person, and what works for one celebrity may not work for another. Comfort and confidence should always be top priorities when choosing maternity outfits.

Ultimately, the evolution of red carpet maternity styles reflects the changing societal attitudes towards pregnancy. It's no longer seen as a time to hide or conceal one's body, but rather a celebration of new life and beauty. Celebrity pregnancies have played a significant role in normalizing and glamorizing pregnancy, inspiring women everywhere to embrace their changing bodies with confidence and style.

Health and Wellness Considerations

Prenatal Care: A Path to a Healthy Babyhood

Picture this: you're expecting a bundle of joy, and your body's embarking on a marvelous journey. Enter prenatal care—your trusty guide to ensure a safe and smooth nine-month ride. From regular checkups to crucial tests, prenatal care helps monitor your health, assess your little one's progress, and catch any potential hiccups early on.

Nutrition: Fueling Two Hearts

Cravings, morning sickness—oh, the joys of pregnancy! But beyond the occasional food whims, mindful eating is essential. A balanced diet brimming with fruits, veggies, whole grains, and lean protein will nourish both you and your developing munchkin. Oh, and don't forget to stay hydrated—water is pregnancy's superpower!

Exercise: Moving for Mother and Baby

Who says pregnancy means couch potato status? Gentle exercise is a pregnancy perk, boosting your mood, easing aches, and prepping your body for labor. But hold your horses there! Always consult your healthcare provider before hitting the gym or lace-up those sneakers.

Common Health Concerns: Addressing the Bumps in the Road

Pregnancy is a beautiful journey, but it can occasionally throw a few curveballs. Don't fret; these concerns are often manageable with proper medical attention:

Gestational Diabetes: Keep your sweet tooth in check, mamas. This type of diabetes develops during pregnancy and can affect both mom and baby.
Anemia: Iron deficiency can leave you feeling drained. Eat iron-rich foods like leafy greens, beans, and meat to ensure a healthy hemoglobin count.
Preeclampsia: A condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, preeclampsia requires prompt medical attention.

Media's Role: Promoting Awareness and Understanding

The media can be a double-edged sword when it comes to celebrity pregnancy. While it raises awareness about prenatal care and health issues, it can also perpetuate unrealistic expectations or downplay potential risks. Seek reliable information from trusted sources and remember, every pregnancy is unique.

Health and Wellness Considerations

When expecting a little one, celebrities face unique health concerns and challenges.

Take nausea and morning sickness, for instance. While it's a common pregnancy woe, the relentless paparazzi flashes and media scrutiny can make it that much worse. Let's face it, who wants to puke in front of a horde of cameras?

Then there's the hormonal rollercoaster. Imagine the emotional ups and downs that come with pregnancy, amplified by the public's relentless gaze. Celebs have to navigate mood swings, cravings, and sleepless nights while the world watches.

Physical challenges are no exception either. Back pain, swelling, and exhaustion are all part of the pregnancy package. But for celebrities, these ailments can be exacerbated by demanding schedules and public appearances. Think heels and form-fitting gowns when your body is screaming for comfort!

However, on the bright side, celebrity pregnancies also shine a spotlight on important health issues. They spark conversations about prenatal care, proper nutrition, and the importance of exercise. Plus, by sharing their experiences, celebs can break down stigmas and empower other expectant mothers.

The Media's Role in Raising Awareness About Health and Wellness in Celebrity Pregnancies

The world of celebrity pregnancies is a fascinating one, filled with glamour, excitement, and intrigue. But beyond the headlines and paparazzi shots, there's a more important aspect of this phenomenon: the role media plays in promoting awareness and understanding of health and wellness issues related to pregnancy.

Media coverage of celebrity pregnancies often sheds light on prenatal care, nutrition, and exercise, which can be incredibly valuable information for expecting mothers and their families. Celebrities with large followings can use their platforms to share their experiences and advocate for important causes. For instance, actress Drew Barrymore has been open about her struggles with infertility, which helped break down the stigma surrounding the topic.

Furthermore, when celebrities discuss health concerns they've faced during pregnancy, it brings attention to conditions that many people may not be aware of. Preeclampsia and gestational diabetes are just two examples of conditions that have gained more recognition thanks to celebrity pregnancies. By sharing their stories, these women can help others recognize the signs and symptoms of these conditions and seek early intervention.

Of course, not all media coverage of celebrity pregnancies is positive. Sometimes, the focus is on unrealistic body standards or the pressure to bounce back quickly after giving birth. However, it's important to remember that celebrities are just like anyone else: their bodies go through the same changes, and they may not always feel confident or glamorous. By embracing the full spectrum of experiences, the media can help promote a more realistic and inclusive view of pregnancy and motherhood.

In addition, media coverage of celebrity pregnancies can also raise awareness about the importance of support systems and mental health during this time. Celebrities like Chrissy Teigen and Serena Williams have been vocal about their struggles with postpartum depression, helping to destigmatize the condition. By sharing their stories, they're encouraging others to seek help if they need it and reminding everyone that they're not alone.

So, while celebrity pregnancies may be a source of entertainment and fascination, they also have the power to educate, inform, and inspire. Through their platforms, celebrities can use their voices to raise awareness about important health and wellness issues, breaking down barriers and promoting a better understanding of the challenges and joys that come with pregnancy.

Celebrity Pregnancies: A Paparazzi Bonanza

Celebrities, those larger-than-life figures who grace our screens and magazines, are no strangers to the relentless pursuit of the paparazzi. And when it comes to pregnancy, the spotlight intensifies, transforming their every move into a captivating saga.

Celebrity pregnancies have become a global obsession, a never-ending source of entertainment for the masses. They ignite a frenzy of speculation, gossip, and media coverage. Paparazzi stalk the stars, their cameras trained on every bump and bulge, eager to capture the first glimpse of a new life. Every outfit, every public appearance, every social media post becomes a subject of scrutiny and commentary.

The insatiable appetite for celebrity pregnancy news stems from our innate curiosity about the lives of those who seem so far removed from our own. We crave a glimpse into their private worlds, to witness their most intimate moments. Pregnancy, being such a transformative and emotional journey, offers a unique opportunity to do just that. It's a time when celebrities let down their guard, allowing us to see them as something more than just glamorous icons.

The Wild World of Celebrity Pregnancies: How Social Media Changes the Game

Celebrity pregnancies have always been a tabloid staple, but social media has taken the obsession to a whole new level. A simple tweet can now reveal a baby bump to millions, instantly sparking a frenzy of speculation and commentary that would have been impossible just a decade ago.

Breaking the News

In the past, celebrity couples would release carefully orchestrated pregnancy announcements through their publicists or magazines. Today, social media gives them the power to share the news on their own terms, with their own voice. This can lead to some heartwarming and hilarious moments, like Chrissy Teigen's iconic tweet announcing her pregnancy with a photo of her growing belly captioned, "Here we go again!"

The Paparazzi's Playground

Once the news is out, the paparazzi are on high alert. Every outing becomes a potential maternity fashion show, with celebrities competing for the most stylish baby bump shots. Social media has fueled this frenzy, as fans can now follow their favorite stars' every move and dissect every outfit choice.

Unfiltered Reactions

Social media also gives us a glimpse into the unfiltered reactions of celebrity moms and dads. From candid posts about morning sickness to heartwarming updates on their newborns, social media humanizes the celebrity pregnancy experience, making it relatable and inspiring for fans.

The Power of Influence

Beyond entertainment, celebrity pregnancies have a significant impact on society. They shape beauty standards and societal expectations, and social media plays a huge role in this. By following their favorite stars' pregnancies, fans can learn about healthy eating habits, prenatal care, and the realities of motherhood. This can empower them to make informed choices for their own pregnancies and beyond.

But Hold Your Horses...

While social media can be a positive force in the world of celebrity pregnancies, it also has its downsides. The relentless scrutiny can take its toll on celebrities, and the constant comparison to idealized images can create pressure and unrealistic expectations for both pregnant women and new moms. It's important to remember that celebrity pregnancies are not the norm, and that every woman's experience is unique. So, while we can enjoy the entertainment and inspiration that social media brings, let's also approach celebrity pregnancies with a healthy dose of perspective and empathy.

Discuss the societal implications of celebrity pregnancies, such as shaping beauty standards and societal expectations.

Celebrity Pregnancies: A Cultural Microscope

From royal bumps to babymoons, celebrity pregnancies have become an irresistible topic of fascination for the masses. But beyond the headlines and social media buzz, these pregnancies hold a surprising power to shape societal norms and expectations.

Beauty Standards Under Scrutiny

The spotlight on celebrity pregnancies has amplified the societal focus on maternal beauty. As expectant mothers grace magazine covers and walk red carpets with designer maternity wear, the pressure to maintain a certain appearance intensifies. This can create a narrow and often unrealistic definition of what a "beautiful" pregnant woman should look like.

Role Models or Unrealistic Ideals?

While celebrity pregnancies can provide positive role models for expecting mothers, they can also contribute to a culture of comparison and inadequacy. The constant stream of impeccably styled and seemingly effortless embarazos can make it difficult for some women to accept their own changing bodies. This can lead to increased anxiety and even body dysmorphia during pregnancy.

Changing Expectations Around Motherhood

Beyond physical appearance, celebrity pregnancies also influence our societal expectations of motherhood. The media's portrayal of glamorous and seemingly effortless births can create an unrealistic image of the experience. This can lead to feelings of inadequacy among new mothers who may struggle with the challenges of pregnancy and childbirth.

Overcoming Societal Pressures

It's important to remember that celebrity pregnancies are not the norm. The vast majority of women do not experience the same level of media scrutiny or have access to the resources available to these public figures. By understanding the role that media plays in shaping societal expectations, we can challenge unrealistic standards and celebrate the beauty of pregnancy in all its forms. Embrace your own journey and remember that every pregnant woman is unique and worthy of respect and support.

Media's Role in Shaping Pregnancy and Motherhood Narratives

The media has a profound influence on how we perceive pregnancy and motherhood. From the glamorous images of celebrities gracing magazine covers to the heartwarming stories of everyday moms, the media shapes our expectations and narratives around this transformative experience.

Perpetuating Stereotypes

Unfortunately, the media often perpetuates outdated stereotypes about pregnancy and motherhood. For example, the image of the glowing, eternally serene mother is unrealistic and can create a sense of inadequacy for those who don't fit this narrow mold.

Similarly, the portrayal of pregnancy as a disruptive event that turns a woman's life upside down can discourage women from embracing this journey. These stereotypes can have a negative impact on women's self-esteem and make them feel like they're not living up to societal expectations.

Creating Unrealistic Standards

The constant barrage of images of perfectly groomed celebrities during their pregnancies can create unrealistic standards for expecting mothers. It's important to remember that these images are often carefully staged and edited, and that they don't reflect the reality of pregnancy for most women.

This media-created pressure to achieve a "perfect" pregnancy can lead to anxiety and feelings of inadequacy. It can also make women feel like they need to hide their real experiences, which can be isolating and harmful.

Challenging Societal Norms

While the media can perpetuate negative stereotypes, it can also challenge societal norms and promote a more inclusive and empowering narrative around pregnancy and motherhood.

By featuring women of diverse backgrounds and experiences, the media can help break down stereotypes and show that there's no "right" way to be a mother. Stories about women who choose to have children later in life, or who face challenges during pregnancy, can offer inspiration and support to others who may be going through similar experiences.

Ultimately, the media has a responsibility to use its powerful platform to promote positive and empowering narratives around pregnancy and motherhood. By challenging stereotypes, providing realistic representations, and featuring diverse voices, the media can help create a more inclusive and supportive society for all women.

Celebrity Pregnancy: A Cultural and Media Extravaganza

From the moment a celeb's bun is in the oven, the world goes into a paparazzi frenzy and media extravaganza. Why are we so obsessed with celebrity pregnancies? Let's dive into the fascinating world of celebrity baby bumps!

Media Frenzy and Cultural Norms

The media's spotlight on celebrity pregnancies is like a paparazzi goldmine. It's a cultural phenomenon driven by our insatiable curiosity, empathy, and desire for entertainment. We love to follow the journey of our favorite stars as they prepare to expand their families.

Key Players in the Pregnancy Saga

Celebrities, family members, and even the paparazzi become key players in shaping the narrative around these pregnancies. From exclusive baby bump photoshoots to press conferences, every move is documented and scrutinized.

Fashion and Style Revolution

Celebrity pregnancies have transformed the maternity wear industry. Gone are the days of baggy sweatpants and frumpy dresses. Today, preggo celebs rock designer gowns and stylish outfits, setting fashion trends for expecting mamas everywhere.

Health and Wellness: Beyond the Bump

While the spotlight often shines on the glamorous side of celebrity pregnancies, it also raises awareness about prenatal care and the challenges that come with carrying a little superstar. From nutrition to exercise, the media plays a role in spreading important health information.

Entertainment and Social Media

Celebrity pregnancies are a constant source of entertainment news and social media chatter. Expectant celebs share their ultrasonic pics on Instagram, while tabloids speculate on the baby's gender and due date.

Cultural and Societal Impact

Celebrity pregnancies can shape beauty standards and societal expectations. They influence our perceptions of motherhood and reinforce stereotypes or break them. The media has the power to perpetuate certain narratives that can have a lasting impact on our culture.

In a Nutshell

Celebrity pregnancies are a cultural phenomenon that intertwines entertainment, fashion, health, and social commentary. They offer a glimpse into the lives of our favorite stars while also raising awareness about important issues. But it's important to remember that behind the paparazzi flashes and tabloid headlines, there are real women experiencing the extraordinary journey of pregnancy.

Offer insights into the enduring fascination with celebrity pregnancies and its cultural significance.

The Enduring Fascination with Celebrity Pregnancies: A Cultural Phenomenon

Celebrities. They're just like us, except they're constantly in the spotlight and their every move is scrutinized by the media and the public alike. And when it comes to pregnancy, the fascination is off the charts.

There are a few reasons for this. First, pregnancy is a major life event for everyone, regardless of your celebrity status. It's a time of change, anticipation, and excitement. And because celebrities are in the public eye, we get to share in their joy. It's like being invited to a close friend's baby shower, except the whole world is invited.

Second, celebrities are often seen as role models. They're beautiful, successful, and seemingly perfect. So when they get pregnant, it gives us all a little bit of hope. We can see that even the most successful women in the world experience the same joys and challenges of pregnancy as the rest of us.

It's Not Always Easy Being Pregnant in the Spotlight

Of course, being pregnant in the spotlight isn't always easy. Celebrities are constantly being photographed, scrutinized, and judged. They have to deal with paparazzi hounding them at the grocery store, and they're constantly being asked about their pregnancy by reporters.

But despite the challenges, most celebrities seem to embrace the attention. They understand that their pregnancies are a public affair, and they use their platforms to share their experiences and promote prenatal health.

The Cultural Impact of Celebrity Pregnancies

Celebrity pregnancies have a big cultural impact. They can help to shape our beauty standards, our expectations of motherhood, and even our fashion choices. They can also raise awareness of important prenatal health issues.

For example, when Beyoncé announced her pregnancy in 2017, she sparked a major conversation about the importance of prenatal care for women of color. And when Meghan Markle announced her pregnancy in 2018, she helped to break the stigma surrounding miscarriage.

The Future of Celebrity Pregnancies

It's hard to say what the future holds for celebrity pregnancies. But one thing is for sure: they will continue to fascinate us. They're a reminder that even the most famous people in the world are just like us, and they experience the same joys and challenges of pregnancy as the rest of us.

The Double-Edged Sword of Media Coverage on Celebrity Pregnancies

When a celebrity announces their pregnancy, it's like a supernova exploding in the media universe. Suddenly, every outlet is abuzz with the news, and the internet is flooded with paparazzi shots and updates. But while this coverage can be entertaining and glamorous, it also has the potential for both positive and negative consequences on the celebrities involved.

The Good:

Raising awareness: Celebrity pregnancies can bring important issues to light. When a famous mom-to-be talks about her prenatal care, nutrition, or childbirth experiences, it can help educate and empower other pregnant women.
Role models: Celebrities can serve as positive role models, showing pregnant women that it's possible to stay stylish, healthy, and confident during pregnancy.
Breaking down barriers: By sharing their experiences, celebrity moms can help break down stigmas and misconceptions surrounding pregnancy and motherhood.

The Bad:

Invasion of privacy: The constant media attention can be overwhelming for celebrities, especially during such a private time in their lives.
Unrealistic expectations: The glossy and often edited images of celebrity pregnancies can create unrealistic expectations for pregnant women, making them feel inadequate if their own experiences don't measure up.
Commodification of pregnancy: Media coverage can sometimes commodify pregnancy, reducing it to a spectacle rather than a natural and meaningful experience.

Finding a Balance:

The key is for the media to find a balance between covering celebrity pregnancies as a legitimate news story and respecting the privacy and well-being of the individuals involved. Journalists should focus on providing accurate and informative content, while also being mindful of the potential consequences of their coverage.

As consumers of media, we can also play a role. Instead of just passively consuming celebrity pregnancy updates, we can be thoughtful about the messages we receive and how they impact our own perspectives on pregnancy and motherhood.

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